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Meth in America

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Journalist Nick Reding grew up in one Midwest: steady, sturdy, a little bit storybook.

He went back and found another. High as a kite on crank – on methamphetamines – and a living wreck.

He honed in on little Olwein, Iowa, lifted the covers, and found a terrible mess: meth, addiction, depravity. And beneath those, roots of despair grounded in a globalized economy gone wrong. Communities – in Olwein and far beyond – left desperately adrift. He’s brought us the story in a book called “Methland.”

Up next, On Point: Nick Reding and “Methland.”

You can join the conversation. Tell us what you think — here on this page, on Twitter, and on Facebook.

-Tom Ashbrook

Guests:

Nick Reding, author of “Methland: The Death and Life of an American Small Town.”

Nathan Lein, assistant county prosecutor, Oelwein, IA.

 

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Listener comments
  • I wonder if meth is different from cocaine and marijuana, from the community awareness level, in that cooking it might be odorless. Cocaine and marijuana can cause headaches and malaise elsewhere in an apartment building (for me, anyway), but landlords don’t usually make smoking illegal; nor do they hire dogs to discriminate odors.
    Thinking of the exploding meth lab, though, this puts things in a different context entirely.
    Where do people think the line should be drawn in terms of functioning as a minicommunity (apartment building) when drugs are involved. Wouldn’t it be better if they were legal and monitored that way? They could be taxed to help treat addicts.
    Again, meth seems different if it’s so cheap.
    Bad news…

    Posted by Ellen Dibble, on July 15th, 2009 at 10:03 am UTC
  • State Meth Rehab programs?
    What are they a month or two when evidence suggests that it takes up to one year?
    Furthermore, isnt’s Meth a more treatable addiction that alcohol or cocaine?

    TN has a Meth conviction registry.
    The Scarlett Letter.
    http://www.tennesseeanytime.org/methor/

    Posted by Travis Tarpy, on July 15th, 2009 at 11:14 am UTC
  • I’ll never forget the sunny autumn day in 2002 when our Salt Lake City street had to be evacuated while police, HAZMAT crews, and bomb squads closed in on the meth lab at the house behind us. The tenants had gone so far as to booby-trap their property with, among other things, buried pipe bombs.

    I found it an odd thing, here in a part of the country where many people won’t even touch a cup of coffee.

    Posted by Erin, on July 15th, 2009 at 11:25 am UTC
  • I live in rural Idaho, and have worked in a job that hired prison crews, 90% of whom were there for meth problems.
    One thing that has not gotten enough attention is the restrictions that have gone to controlling the meth problem. Controlling production as opposed to the reasons for consumption, has driven much of the meth production across the border to Mexico. This has served to create a change in meth production and trafficking that has made it a very violent and dangerous problem. It has had no effect on those who consume meth, we still have as many here as before, but now it has also added to gang-type violence.

    Posted by Pam O'Hearn, on July 15th, 2009 at 11:27 am UTC
  • Growing up in Southeast Missouri (now in the Boston area) I had several friends that tried Meth and the stories they would say of its addictivness are frightening — “10 times the desire to re-use than cocaine”, would be a common comparison.

    I still read the news from home and one interesting story I recently read was the town of Washington, Missouri going as far as requiring a prescription for any over the counter medication which contains psuedoephedrine. This is a telling anecdote of how the FDA and the USDA direly needs to give communities stricken by meth the authority to better control and limit the distribution of the reactants for methamphetamine synthesis.

    Posted by Michael C., on July 15th, 2009 at 11:31 am UTC
  • Two points: 1. The reason that Vermont doesn’t have much of a meth problem is because heroin and crack are so readily available here due to the proximity to the cities. Meth has not, therefore, become as much of a problem here as in other parts of rural America, but we should remember that we have a large number of potential users.

    2. I have lived in two other places during my travels that had severe heroin addiction problems – the UK during the 1980’s and southern Spain during the late 1990’s. The two settings had one thing in common – double digit unemployment. The two are inextricably linked.

    Posted by Jim Bennett, on July 15th, 2009 at 11:33 am UTC
  • I had about a 6-month stint on meth. After I did something that I felt screwed up my life, I decided to self-medicate. Out in California meth was cheap and highly available so I went for it.

    I got high every day, forced myself to sleep every day, kept my writing job although I eventually found myself getting to the office as everyone else was leaving.

    I would say meth did have a therapeutic effect for me, as I let the pain out on the page and explored pieces of myself I never knew existed. But I also became totally self-absorbed and totally ineffective at work which led me to make another fatally poor decision in choosing to move to Rhode Island! (I miss my family and the sun out in California!)

    Getting off it was easy but I also had the benefit of leaving my few meth friends behind when I moved. In the beginning I might have gone for treatment for depression instead of turning to meth, but I didn’t have health insurance.

    Posted by Greg, on July 15th, 2009 at 11:35 am UTC
  • True or False:
    75% of all Meth comes in from Superlabs in Mexico.
    So we round up all of the mom and pop cooks and only stop 25% of the problem.
    Addiction is the root cause of the epidemic.
    Cooks are just the symptom.

    Posted by Travis Tarpy, on July 15th, 2009 at 11:35 am UTC
  • Another hidden cost of this problem is the wake of human destruction that the CRIMINAL JUSTICE system leaves behind it. The long arm of Texas law (Deputy Ybarra) strongarmed me into a felony conviction; my first arrest/offense ever in my life and their law prevented the judge from offering me something that would allow me to avoid the felony. (The situation for a first time offender would have been different in most other states, and in fact was different in Texas only a year before this officer went on his fishing expedition.)

    Now consider that a felony conviction will likely prevent you from working at any large company. I managed to get in under the radar before my conviction was finalized/added to the BCI database. But I have absolutely found that a felony is a lifetime sentence of diminished opportunity. Tom, you should do a show about that!

    Posted by Greg, on July 15th, 2009 at 11:46 am UTC
  • I’m concerned your success is more like squeezing a balloon – it sounds like you’ve done a very good job at cleaning up your town – but where will it pop up next?

    Posted by Peter J. Jensen, on July 15th, 2009 at 11:52 am UTC
  • The point at the end of the show about immigration and gangs sits well with me — or badly. What am American views as a losing situation for someone from south of the border is a great promotion plus a sea of opportunity, given the number of Americans seeking the kind of relief that can be finagled into their hands by people who are trying to be under the radar anyway.
    The approach of making sure good jobs are available (and an appropriately educated workforce to do them) is such a huge dream. I think it is the dream Obama is referring to now in something I read; he was speaking of daring to dream of something better. I deduce: Not a bigger house, a bigger mightier car, not the buy-it-now “stuff” and “gizmos,” but meaningful work, meaningful communities. Solid life.
    Where to start? Who to kick-start each step? Laws, chambers of commerce, etc., etc. My foot is on the imaginary accelerator; I imagine myself a teenage driver in training, with my mother in the passenger seat, her foot firmly planted on the imaginary brake, saying, “Watch out, watch out, this is too fast, much too fast.”

    Posted by Ellen Dibble, on July 15th, 2009 at 12:08 pm UTC
  • I was in and out of car and may have missed if the following link was explored, but my thoughts were that the mid-west, like America in general, has changed its sense of worship. Communal worship and community building through faith communities of all religions have, for thousands of years, given meaning to existence and provided social outlets for little cash outlay. Not only did religious affiliations provide a moral structure, they provided a sense of meaning to suffering, poverty and other life difficulties, a conduit through which, at its best, people felt the presence of caring and love. The modern emphasis on personal experience combined with the “I don’t believe in institutions” underestimates the enormous impact for social good organized religion had and still has. (It goes without saying, that organized religion also could be condemnatory, narrow-minded and antithetical to the core values found in the religion, but…at its best, it helped folks find deep meaning and structure. The word boredom was used…and I think when one’s life is empty of meaning, it is easy to succumb to addictions which ease the emptiness short-term, but surely mess up the lives long-term. I don’t buy the direct single-line connection to poverty and drugs. I know plenty of poor, very poor, wonderful people who know that their lives are valuable. These folks have nothing, many are also unemployed, yet contribute to the well-being of others. They don’t use drugs. But poverty and the absence of faith is just a catalyst for despair. In my opinion, one missing component in methland is viable faith in Something Good Beyond, and in communal expressions of that faith. And…recovery often entails finding faith…as anyone who has gone through AA successfully can testify, both to the effectiveness of faith…and the AA community-building.

    Posted by Sarah Anderson, on July 15th, 2009 at 12:43 pm UTC
  • Greg I don’t know if your story is true or not.
    Are you aware that you sound like complete _____ (fill in the blank).

    Sorry I’m not going to give you the sympathy vote for not having health insurance and problems with depression.

    If you really wanted help you could have found it.
    Turning to a highly addictive drug was a pretty dumb idea and is what they call self medicating. You don’t know how luck you are that obviously don’t have an addictive personality.

    Hope you still have all your teeth and brain cells.

    Posted by Putney Swope, on July 15th, 2009 at 6:50 pm UTC
  • Man, I wish this was out for the kindle/iPhone. I’d be reading it tonight.

    Posted by Ben, on July 15th, 2009 at 7:16 pm UTC
  • All I can say is that meth was around in the rural Upper Midwest LONG before immigration became the emotionally charged issue that it is today. I was a high-schooler in the 70s, and it was very easy to get meth. We had kids whom we called meth-heads at our high school. And this was in Wisconsin well before globalization or immmigration had a negative effect on the local economy. So I don’t buy the author’s argument.

    Posted by susan, on July 15th, 2009 at 9:06 pm UTC
  • A comment for the “personal responsibility” caller: where is the collective personal responsibility for supporting 8 years of disastrous policy-making? Where is the personal responsibility among people who happily supported policy-making that went against their own economic interests, and who smugly and sanctimoniously cheered “real America” and laughed at the idea of community organizers while supporting an outdated and nonsensical policy of trickle-down economics, which they bought hook, line and sinker from a supposed Texas cowboy who just happened to have degrees from Yale and Harvard? Where is the personal responsibility for being dependent on cheap imported Wal-Mart goods, and for supporting the anti-regulatory and anti-government policies that allowed all your jobs to migrate overseas? Where is the personal responsibility for being delusional enough to feel prosperous because you could suddenly afford to buy more and more and more industrially-processed junk food and cheap imported clothes sewn by child labor? The communities that were discussed in this program overwhelmingly supported disastrous policies that went against their own economic interests, and now they have practically no local industry apart from cooking up this stupid drug and selling it to one another. It is horrible, yes, but it should not be surprising.

    Posted by AnonymousCrab, on July 15th, 2009 at 10:08 pm UTC
  • Oh and a quick follow-up to Susan above me, who wrote “this was in Wisconsin well before globalization or immmigration had a negative effect on the local economy. So I don’t buy the author’s argument.” Can you not see that there is a difference in terms of cultural momentum between a handful of kids in your hometown and the pervasive problem that exists all over this country now? There were a handful of Americans who were eating sushi in those days too, before you could buy it premade in grocery stores. The fact that it existed does not say everything that needs to be said.

    Posted by AnonymousCrab, on July 15th, 2009 at 10:32 pm UTC
  • I am the parent who watched my daughter turn from a gifted student at an ivy university in the midwest to a street person. I thought that I knew a lot about drugs and addiction but I did not know anything about meth. Please keep this topic out in front. There are a lot of families like mine that never saw this coming. It is a public health disaster and it is everywhere.

    Posted by Mom, on July 16th, 2009 at 10:24 am UTC
  • We should lock up casual drug users. Let them pick cottong, etc…to work off their fines. That will solve the problem once and for all.

    Posted by Jim Thomas, on July 16th, 2009 at 10:29 am UTC
  • “lock up casual drug users”??? The jail/prison population in the U.S. is outrageous anyway, and there was a post in this forum about the difficulty of reintegrating oneself productively in society. Any conviction is a huge setback. So there is the huge, huge cost of imprisonment, the huge, huge cost to the casual users under an overreactive scenario, and thirdly, a huge huge cost to the justice system in prosecuting “casual users,” from the court clerks who advise them, the court officers who maintain order, the lawyers who are mandated to serve them, the judges whose time is spent.
    There are good ways to spend time in the judicial system, but Jim’s solution is like beating a dead horse. People just go back to their “using” communities and continue to use — is my impression. A worse punishment may make some more careful, but there is a fair population who think serving time locked up is just the cost of doing business.
    Therefore I think legalizing and taxing, and regulating is the answer — wherever possible. If drug users do illegal things, prosecute that.
    The ethos that says it’s cool to “use” somehow got ahead of “Mom” up there, who hadn’t seen it coming. So …

    Posted by Ellen Dibble, on July 16th, 2009 at 11:05 am UTC
  • Thanks for an incisive discussion. I appreciated your analysis of addiction — that the problem of addiction has always been with us. I also found it helpful that you interrogated the idea that we often take for granted — “boredom is the problem.” What does that mean, and what is it about our culture that has allowed us to have nothing to do with our time. As an educator, I hear the words “bored” and “boredom” all the time, and don’t know what to make of it. Your program helped me keep thinking about “boredom” in ways that reach out my own book-rich, non-bored experience.

    Posted by Joanna Eleftheriou, on July 16th, 2009 at 11:27 am UTC
  • After I posted that the drug use of the daughter “somehow got out ahead of Mom” in a previous post, I thought about anonymouscrab’s interesting posts wherein he (she?) answers the “personal responsibility” caller, and posits huge responsibility on lots of outside factors, things Americans have majority voted for, for a long time.
    So I was thinking I should apologize to Mom. There is what another caller called the “boredom” factor, which Joanna has just mentioned too.
    I was thinking that the common phrase in courtrooms, when asked “what were you doing?” “We were hanging out.” Not just in courtrooms. I ask you, how many young people, steamed on hormones, not yet tethered to mortgages and families, especially if not worn out by full-time employment — how many are going to effectively loll en masse?
    Would TV keep them “out of trouble”? Would computer games keep them tethered to reality? Or would they choose to escape from the lack of structure, lack of responsibility, lack of direction, at least for a time? I think they have too much on-the-go to just loll. Too much on-the-go to be satisfied with anything that appears on a screen, TV or computer. They need to be drugged. I get that.
    I think it was a Susan who pointed out the roll of faith and faith communities, of AA for alcoholics. The energies misdirected (squelched?) by drugs can be deployed by “institutions” (she points out are not all bad) in constructive ways.
    So I thought of my church. It’s trying to transform. It’s trying to renew.
    I think churches satisfy some people’s needs for companionship and direction, but there are plenty of ways someo churches seem to celebrate blindness, to “merely” absorb time in ways that pretend to be far more constructive than they actually are.
    Church activities could be as much a distraction as a computer game. Both would be preferable to escapism by addiction, but religion has not cornered the market on best-practices for “hanging out.” My opinion.

    Posted by Ellen Dibble, on July 16th, 2009 at 11:54 am UTC
  • We have to go with what has proven to work in fighting drug abuse. During the late 1880’s the Chinese government made a simple plan to fight drug abuse..”Quit or we will chop off your head”. People quit. Fast Forward to the early 1980’s and the U.S. Military said “Quit or we will kick you out” Wham..they went from a 70 percent drug abuse problem to less than 1 percent in 5 years. It’s time to forget about chasing “Mr. Big” and go after the casual drug user. Give them a simple choice “give up the drugs or pick cotton”. It will work.

    Posted by Jim Thomas, on July 16th, 2009 at 4:58 pm UTC
  • I was going to wait for some other historian, or some corrections officer, or psychotherapist to weigh in. They might not get a chance before this window fades.
    Have you heard the word “draconian”? Have you heard the words “Shariyah law”?
    On the other hand, picking cotton is not so draconian, and besides, plenty of people do that anyway. While I was in college, you either did practice teaching or you picked tobacco, hanging off the back of a truck, starting at 5:30 AM. We never thought of that as punishment; it was honest labor.
    My understanding is that “drug courts” where people show up to answer to a judge every week or so work a lot better than stiff sentencing.
    I will watch out for evidence of other populations that have gone whole turkey — I mean cold turkey — Can we use force to make Americans dour? You suggest we can at least stop the drug use at will. Hmm.

    Posted by Ellen Dibble, on July 17th, 2009 at 12:29 am UTC
  • Frankly, the fact that this drug is such a malignant, evil and monstrous substance ruining so many lives, I find emotionally satisfying the notion of making the willful manufacture and sale of meth a capital offense. I know it will never happen, but I would not shed any tears for the horrendous scumbags who deal in this cancer.

    Posted by Mark S., on July 17th, 2009 at 4:11 pm UTC
  • Gosh, this reminds me of Pollock’s book Knockemstiff. What is happening to small town America? I was raised in a small mining town in Northern Minnesota, where my parents and their peers were first generation born from European immigrants. In the 50’s to the 70’s, the town was clean and orderly and there was alot of community pride. Today, the percent of people living on some sort of subsistance is high. There are many kids having kids. Long gone is the pride in the community. The culture has changed for the worse. In addition, there is meth. When I visit family, they are quick to point out where the new meth house is. It is hard to believe how much the community has changed. What can we do?

    Posted by Nancy, on July 18th, 2009 at 2:14 pm UTC
  • I think Nancy means “the number of people living on some sort of subsidy,” meaning food stamps, Medicaid, Workers’ Comp, public or “affordable” housing, depending on politicians negotiating to keep it available. It is gut-wrenching to me to think of because the teens with parents oriented like that tell me it “isn’t worth it” to become middle class. They look at the way I live and see confirmation of it. “Work your fingers to the bone, what do you get, bony fingers.”
    Not only do the kids see no value to escaping the sub-rosa style of life (income has to be beyond the reach of tax collectors or one loses benefits); further the adults are motivated to vote, to the extent they do, for what they see as absolutely necessary public supports.
    I see this as a huge threat to a democracy. The wily politicians will be smooshing people to the edges where their votes can be manipulated according to pretty simple formulas. A large voting bloc that can be manipulated like that is surely dangerous to our way of life — never mind the lifestyles (meth for one) that afflict them and us along the way.
    What can we do? Well, once the objective was to settle the West. It was tough, and people who could collaborate and work hard did it for us.
    If you ask me, now there is a need for international collaboration, with almost a wartime intensity, toward keeping the planet from becoming uninhabitable. The persuaders haven’t been the heavy hitters — the oil companies, for instance — for obvious reasons. And currently what I hear (from a few with large cars and habits of driving) is we are past the tipping point, that this is not a war worth fighting.
    I say we can’t just give up. Scientists who have diagnosed the situation need to be refocused on dealing with seas bubbling with methane, and politicians need to be refocused on dealing with the displacements and environmental stressors involved.
    Human goals need to be something other than acquiring more, more plastics, more energy-consuming enhancements to lifestyle.
    Right now the goals are way way off. Someone should hit Madison Avenue over the head and tell them to get with the program. (What program? Let’s design it.)
    We should not be seeking more manufacturing if it adds to our planetary risk.
    So what exactly should be people be doing besides various kinds of complaining and escapism?
    I am hoping our leaders will offer some answers.

    Posted by Ellen Dibble, on July 20th, 2009 at 10:07 am UTC
  • Wow, I’ve never heard an author so bored with his own book!

    Posted by David, on July 22nd, 2009 at 6:37 am UTC
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